The second publication using Gram's smart vaporizer.
Authors used a custom app provided by Gram to passively and anonymously gather objective vaping data from real-world users. Ecological Momentary Assessments were made separately to compare how much users think they are vaping with how much they are actually vaping.
Nature publication examining a new model of self-administration.
Gram was contracted to provide a custom integration of its vaping machines.
The client's previous systems were unable to achieve reliable nicotine peaks - and thus addiction - in the mice. After the addition of Gram's system, mice were provided sufficient and repeatable aerosol delivery for a reliable biochemical and behavioral addiction model.
Study authors used the Gram Universal Vaping Machine to generate vapor from ceramic vape cartridges and expose lung cell cultures and adult mice.
The vape cartridges - often filled with cannabis oil extracts and sold on the legal and black markets - used in the study were filled with vitamin E. Mice and cell cultures were exposed to aerosol from the vitamin-E-containing vape cartridges. Authors noted toxic effects consistent with the EVALI outbreak and confirmed an important causal role of vitamin E in the recent vaping crisis.
Carbonyl products - like formaldehyde - in e-cigarette emissions have long been a concern. Here, study authors used the Gram Universal Vaping Machine to generate and capture e-cigarette emissions of several e-liquid variants to examine carbonyl content of emissions.
Notably, the authors examined the addition of polyphenols into e-liquids as an experimental variable. Polyphenols in the e-liquid appeared to have a protective effect by trapping the carbonyls.
Using the Gram Vaping Machine to administer and dose vapor from JUUL products, researchers studied the impact of JUUL use on endothelial function in mice and directly compared it to tobacco cigarettes.
ACS publication examining the capture efficiency of silica fibers using the Gram Vaping Machine.
Researchers describe a highly efficient method of aerosol collection that requires only a single vaping session.
The first study to examine the effects of Philip Morris' heat-not-burn IQOS product in a physiological animal model.
The first-ever study to use Gram's smart vaporizer.
When we first contacted this esteemed research group at UCSF, we found that they had already created their own make-shift solution for producing smoke and vapor for research studies. Their piece-meal contraption seemed to work OK, but we identified significant margin for improvement in terms of consistency and reliability, which led us to design and build our own standardized laboratory vaping machine.
Unfortunately, the paper on Chris's old testing system was already written by the time our machine was ready for the spotlight, but we were still able add some valuable data. Researchers observed that the Gram vaping machine meets CORESTA standards for executing specific, square puff profiles. In contrast, researchers' old apparatus (with diaphragm pump) could not create the conditions specified under applicable testing standards.
The Gram vaping machine went on to be validated for use with tobacco cigarettes, under Health Canada Intensive and ISO testing conditions, and today is regularly used for generating smoke and vapor instead of the above-published solution.